Strings & Arrays
All routes and controllers should return a response to be sent back to the user’s browser. Laravel provides several different ways to return responses. The most basic response is returning a string from a route or controller. The framework will automatically convert the string into a full HTTP response:
ルーティングに戻るのか。
Route::get('/', function () {
return 'Hello World';
});
In addition to returning strings from your routes and controllers, you may also return arrays. The framework will automatically convert the array into a JSON response:
Route::get('/', function () {
return [1, 2, 3];
});
Response Objects
Typically, you won’t just be returning simple strings or arrays from your route actions. Instead, you will be returning full Illuminate\Http\Response instances or views.
Returning a full Response instance allows you to customize the response’s HTTP status code and headers. A Response instance inherits from the Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response class, which provides a variety of methods for building HTTP responses:
Route::get('home', function () {
return response('Hello World', 200)
->header('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
});
Attaching Headers To Responses
Keep in mind that most response methods are chainable, allowing for the fluent construction of response instances. For example, you may use the header method to add a series of headers to the response before sending it back to the user:
return response($content)
->header('Content-Type', $type)
->header('X-Header-One', 'Header Value')
->header('X-Header-Two', 'Header Value');
return response($content)
->withHeaders([
'Content-Type' => $type,
'X-Header-One' => 'Header Value',
'X-Header-Two' => 'Header Value',
]);
Attaching Cookies To Responses
The cookie method on response instances allows you to easily attach cookies to the response. For example, you may use the cookie method to generate a cookie and fluently attach it to the response instance like so:
return response($content)
->header('Content-Type', $type)
->cookie('name', 'value', $minutes);
The cookie method also accepts a few more arguments which are used less frequently. Generally, these arguments have the same purpose and meaning as the arguments that would be given to PHP’s native setcookie method:
Alternatively, you can use the Cookie facade to “queue” cookies for attachment to the outgoing response from your application. The queue method accepts a Cookie instance or the arguments needed to create a Cookie instance. These cookies will be attached to the outgoing response before it is sent to the browser:
Cookie::queue(Cookie::make('name', 'value', $minutes));
Cookie::queue('name', 'value', $minutes);
Cookies & Encryption
By default, all cookies generated by Laravel are encrypted and signed so that they can’t be modified or read by the client. If you would like to disable encryption for a subset of cookies generated by your application, you may use the $except property of the App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies middleware, which is located in the app/Http/Middleware directory:
/**
* The names of the cookies that should not be encrypted.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $except = [
'cookie_name',
];
Redirect responses are instances of the Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse class, and contain the proper headers needed to redirect the user to another URL. There are several ways to generate a RedirectResponse instance. The simplest method is to use the global redirect helper:
Sometimes you may wish to redirect the user to their previous location, such as when a submitted form is invalid. You may do so by using the global back helper function. Since this feature utilizes the session, make sure the route calling the back function is using the web middleware group or has all of the session middleware applied:
Route::get('dashboard', function () {
return redirect('home/dashboard');
});
Route::post('user/profile', function () {
// Validate the request...
return back()->withInput();
});
When you call the redirect helper with no parameters, an instance of Illuminate\Routing\Redirector is returned, allowing you to call any method on the Redirector instance. For example, to generate a RedirectResponse to a named route, you may use the route method:
Redirecting To Controller Actions
You may also generate redirects to controller actions. To do so, pass the controller and action name to the action method. Remember, you do not need to specify the full namespace to the controller since Laravel’s RouteServiceProvider will automatically set the base controller namespace:
return redirect()->action(‘HomeController@index’);
If your controller route requires parameters, you may pass them as the second argument to the action method:
return redirect()->action(
‘UserController@profile’, [‘id’ => 1]
);
Redirecting To External Domains
Sometimes you may need to redirect to a domain outside of your application. You may do so by calling the away method, which creates a RedirectResponse without any additional URL encoding, validation, or verification:
return redirect()->away('https://www.google.com');
Redirecting With Flashed Session Data
Redirecting to a new URL and flashing data to the session are usually done at the same time. Typically, this is done after successfully performing an action when you flash a success message to the session. For convenience, you may create a RedirectResponse instance and flash data to the session in a single, fluent method chain:
Route::post('user/profile', function () {
// Update the user's profile...
return redirect('dashboard')->with('status', 'Profile updated!');
});
@if (session('status'))
<div class="alert alert-success">
{{ session('status') }}
</div>
@endif
The response helper may be used to generate other types of response instances. When the response helper is called without arguments, an implementation of the Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory contract is returned. This contract provides several helpful methods for generating responses.
If you need control over the response’s status and headers but also need to return a view as the response’s content, you should use the view method:
return response()
->view('hello', $data, 200)
->header('Content-Type', $type);
Of course, if you do not need to pass a custom HTTP status code or custom headers, you should use the global view helper function.
