average hashで類似画像を検索

<?php
    include_once 'ahash-common.inc.php';

    define("PHOTO_PATH", "images");

    $up_form = <<< EOS
    <h3>類似画像検索(Average Hash)</h3>
    <div style="border:1px solid silver;padding:12px">
    JPEGファイルを選択してください。<br>
    <form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="POST">
    <input name="upfile" type="file"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="アップロード">
</form></div>
    EOS;
    $head = '<html><meta charset="utf-8"><body>';
    $foot = '</body></html>';

    if(empty($_FILES['upfile']['tmp_name'])){
        echo $head.$up_form.$foot;
        exit;
    }
    $upfile = dirname(__FILE__).'/upfile.jpg';
    move_uploaded_file($_FILES['upfile']['tmp_name'], $upfile);

    $target = makeAHash($upfile, false);
    $files = enumJpeg(PHOTO_PATH);
    $result = checkHash($target, $files);
    $top6 = array_slice($result, 0, 6);
    echo $head;
    echo "<div style='text-align:center'><h2>アップした写真</h2>";
    echo "<img src='upfile.jpg' width=300>";
    echo "<h2>以下類似する順番に表示</h2>";
    foreach($top6 as $f){
        $path = $f['path'];
        $value = $f['value'];
        echo "<img src='path' width=300 alt='$value:$path'>";
    }
    echo "</div>".$foot;

    // hashから類似度を算出
    function checkHash($target, $files){
        $list = [];
        foreach ($files as $file){
            $hash = makeAHash($file);
            $match = 0;
            for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($target); $i++){
                if (substr($target,$i,1) == substr($hash,$i,1)) $match++;
            }
            $list&#91;&#93; = &#91;
            "path" => $file,
            "value" => $match,
            ];
        }
        usort($list, function ($a, $b){
              return $b['value'] - $a['value'];
              });
        return $list;
    }

average hashを作成

<?php
// Average Hashを調べるライブラリ
    function makeAHash($file, $cache = TRUE){
        $hashfile = preg_replace('/\.(jpg|jpeg)$/', '.hash', $file);
        if($cach) {
            if (file_exists($hashfile)){
                $v = file_get_contents($hashfile);
                return $v;
            }
        }
        // (1) 16x16にリサイズ
        $sz = 16;
        $src = imagecreatefromjpeg($file);
        $sx = imagesx($src); $sy = imagesy($src);
        $des = imagecreatetruecolor($sz, $sz);
        imagecopyresized($des, $src, 0, 0, 0, 0, $sz, $sz, $sx, $sy);
        imagefilter($des, IMG_FILTER_GRAYSCALE);
        // (3)平均値を得つつ、配列に入れておく
        $pix = &#91;&#93;; $sum = 0;
        for ($y = 0; $y < $sz; $y++){
            for ($x = 0; $x < $sz; $x++){
                $rgb = imagecolorat($des, $x, $y);
                $b = $rgb & 0xFF;
                $sum += $b;
                $pix&#91;&#93; = $b;
            }
        }
        $ave = floor($sum / ($sz * $sz));
        // (4)2値化する
        $hash = '';
        foreach ($pix as $i => $v){
            $hash .= ($v >= $ave) ? '1' : '0';
            if ($i % 16 == 15) $hash .= "\n";
        }
    }

    function enumJpeg($path){
        $files = [];
        $fs = scandir($path);
        foreach ($fs as $f){
            if (substr($f, 0, 1) == ".") continue;
            $fullpath = $path.'/'.$f;
            if (is_dir($fullpath)){
                $files = array_merge($files, enumJpeg($fullpath));
                continue;
            }
            if (!preg_match('/\.(jpg|jpeg)$/i', $f)) continue;
            $files[] = $fullpath;
        }
        return $files;
    }

ヒストグラム

<?php
    include_one 'histogram-common.inc.php';

    define("PHOTO_PATH", "images");

    $up_form = <<< EOS
    <h3>類似画像検索</h3>
    <div style="border:1px solid silver;padding:12px">
    JPEGファイルを選択してください。<br>
    <form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="POST">
    <input name="upfile" type="file"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
    </form></div>
    EOS;
    $head = '<html><meta charset="utf-8"><body>';
    $foot = '</body></html>';

    if (empty($_FILES['upfile']['tmp_name'])){
        echo $head.$up_form.$foot;
        exit;
    }

    $upfile = dirname(__FILE__).'/upfile.jpg';
    move_uploaded_file($_FILES['tmp_name'], $upfile);

    $target = makeHistogram($upfile, false);
    $files = enumJpeg(PHOTO_PATH);
    $result = calcIntersection($target, $files);
    $top6 = array_slice($result, 0, 6);
    echo $head;
    echo "<div style='text-align:center'><h2>アップした写真</h2>";
    echo "<img src='upfile.jpg' width=300>";
    echo "<h2>以下類似する順番に表示</h2>";
    foreach ($top6 as $f){
        $path = $f['path'];
        $value = $f['value'];
        echo "<img src='path' width=300 alt='$value:$path'>";
    }
    echo "<div>".$foot;

    //　ヒストグラムから類似度を計算
    function calcIntersection($target, $files){
        $histlist = [];
        foreach ($files as $file) {
            $hist = makeHistogram($file);
            $value = 0;
            for ($i = 0; $i < count($target); $i++){
                $value += min(intval($target&#91;$fi&#93;), intval($hist&#91;$i&#93;));
            }
            $histlist&#91;&#93; = &#91;
            "path" => $file,
            "value" => $value,
            ];
        }
        usort($histlist, function ($a, $b){
              return $b['value'] - $a['value'];
              });
        return $histlist;
    }

CAPTCHA

<?php
    session_start();

// ユーザーからの入力を取得
    $input = isset($_GET&#91;'input'&#93; ? $_GET&#91;'input'&#93;: "";
// CAPTCHAと入力フォームのタグを定義
    $captch = "<img src='genImage.php'>";
    $msg = "5文字のひらがなを入力してください。";
    $form = <<< END_OF_FORM
<form method="GET">
    <input type="text" name="input">
    <input type="submit" value="OK">
</form>
    END_OF_FORM;

//CAPTCHAのコードが入力されたときの処理
                   if (isset($_SESSION["CAPTCH"]) && $_SESSION["CAPTCH"] === $input) {
    $msg = "<h3>正解です！</h3><a href='form.php'>もう一度試す</a>";
    $captch = $form = "-";
                   } else {
                   if ($input != ""){
                   $msg = "間違い!もう一度、{$msg}";
            }
    }

// HTMLを出力
echo <<< END_OF_HTML
<html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"></head>
<body>
    <h1>CAPTCHA TEST</h1>
    <p>$captcha</p>
    <p>$msg</p>
    <p>$form</p>
    END_OF_HTML;

imageMagicを使って反転と回転を行う

<?php
// コマンドラインから画像を取得
    if (count($argv) <= 1){
        echo "no input"; exit;
    }
    $input = $argv&#91;1&#93;;
    $outfile = preg_replace('/\.(jpeg|jpg)$/', '-out.jpeg', $input);
    $cmpfile = preg_replace('/\.(jpeg|jpg)$/', '-cmp.jpeg', $input);

    $i = new Imagick();
    $i->readImage($input);
    $i->stripImage();
    $i->writeImage($cmpfile);
    echo " 回転前: $outfile\n";

    // 回転用に画像を処理
    $img = new Imagick();
    $img->readImage($input);
    // 画像の向きを自動回転
    img_auto_rotate($img);
    // 画像を保存
    $img->writeImage($outfile);
    echo " 回転後: $outfile\n";

    // 画像の向きを自動回転
    function img_auto_rotate(Imagick $img){
        switch ($img->getImageOrientation()){
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_TOPLEFT:
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_TOPRIGHT:
                $img->flopImage();
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_BOTTOMRIGHT:
                $img->rotateImage("#000, 180");
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_LEFTTOP:
                $img->flopImage();
                $img->rotateImage("#000", -90);
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_RIGHTTOP:
                $img->rotateImage("#000", 90);
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_RIGHTBOTTOM:
                $img->flopImage();
                $img->rotateImage("#000", 90);
                break;
            case Imagick::ORIENTATION_LEFTBOTTOM:
                $img->rotateImage("#000", -90);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        $img->setImageOrientation(Imagick::ORIENTATION_TOPLEFT);
        return $img;
    }

マルコフ連鎖の実装

形態素解析をしてそれを辞書に登録し、辞書を元に作文を行います。

 3) array_shift($tmp);
            set_word($dic, $tmp);
            if ($w == "。 "){
                $tmp = ["@"]; continue;
            }
        }
        return $dic;
    }

//　辞書に単語を登録
    function set_word(&$dic, $tmp){
        $w1 = $tmp[0];
        $w2 = $tmp[1];
        $w3 = $tmp[2];
        if (empty($dic[$w1])) $dic[$w1] = [];
        if (empty($dic[$w1][$w2])) $dic[$w1][$w2] = [];
        if (empty($dic[$w1][$w2][$w3])) $dic[$w1][$w2][$w3] = 0;
        $dic[$w1][$w2][$w3]++;
    }

// 辞書から作文する
    function make_sentence($dic, $count){
        $ret = [];
        for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++){
            $top = $dic["@"];
            if (!$top) break;
            $w1 = choice_word($top);
            $w2 = choice_word($top[$w1]);
            $ret[] = $w1;
            $ret[] = $w2;
            for (;;) {
                $w3 = choice_word($dic[$w1][$w2]);
                $ret[] = $w3;
                if ($w3 == "。")break;
                $w1 = $w2;
                $w2 = $w3;
            }
        }
        return implode("", $ret);
    }

    function choice_word($o){
    if (!is_array($o)) return "。 ";
        $ks = array_keys($o);
        return $ks[mt_rand(0, count($ks)-1)];
    }

ASCIIコード表

<?php
//　特殊記号
$sp = &#91;'NULL','SOH','STX','ETX','EOT','ENQ','ACK','BEL','BS','HT','LF','VT',
        'FF','CR','SO','SI','DLE','DC1','DC2','DC3','DC4','NAL','SYN','ETV','CAN'm
    'EM','SUB','ESC','FS','GS','RS','US','SPC'&#93;;
    $sp&#91;127&#93; = 'DEL';

// header
    $html = "<tr><th></th>";
    for($j = 0; $j < 16; $j++){
    $html .= "<th>".sprintf("%X",$j)."</th>";
    }
    $html .= "</tr>";

// characters
    for ($i = 0; $i <= 7; $i++){
    $html .= "<tr><th>{$i}x</th>";
        for ($j = 0; $j < 16; $j++){
            $code = ($i * 16) + $j;
            $ch = isset($sp&#91;$code&#93;) ? $sp&#91;$code&#93; : chr($code);
            $html .= "<td>$ch</td>";
        }
        $html .= "</tr>";
    }

echo <<< EOS
<style>
    * { margin:0; padding:0; }
    table { margin: 12px; }
    td, th {
        font-size: 12px, padding: 4px;
    width: 32px; text-align: center;
        border-bottom: 1px solid silver;
        border-right: 1px solid silver;
    }
    th { color: white; background-color: blue; }
</style>
<table>
$html
</table>
    EOS;

月間カレンダーの描画

<html><body>
<style>
.cal td { border-bottom: 1px solid silver; padding: 4px; }
.cur { font-size: 14px; color: black; }
.oth { font-size: 9px; color: silver; }
.sun { color: red; }
</style>
<?php
// カレンダーの描写
    echo make_calendar(2018,2);

    function make_calendar($year, $month){
    // 月初めをセット
        $t = new DateTime();
        $t->setDate($year, $month, 1);
        // その週の月曜日(カレンダー左上の日)を得る
        $t->modify("Mon this week");
        //　月終わりをセット
        $end_t = new DateTime();
        $end_t->setDate($year,$month, 1);
        $end_t->modify("Sun");
        $html = "<p>{$year}年　{$month}月</p>";
        $html .= "<table class='cal'>";
        for (;;){
            $d = $t->format("d");
            $w = $t->format("w");
            $c_week = ($w == 0) ? "sun" : (($w == 6) ? "sat" : "");
            $c_mon = ((int)$t->format("m") == $month) ? 'cur' : 'oth';
            if ($w == 1){
                $html .= "<tr>";
            }
            $html .= "<td class='$c_mon $c_week'>$d</td>";
            if ($w == 0){
                $html .= "</tr>";
            }
            $diff = $end_t->diff($t);
            if ($diff->days == 0) break;
            $t->modify("+1 days");
        }
        $html .= "</table>";
        return $html;
    }
?></body></html>

3ヶ月後の日数

<?php
    $t = strtotime("2018-1-1");
    $t = month_add($t, 3);
    echo date('Y-m-d', $t)."\n";

    function month_add($t, $n){
        $year = date('Y', $t);
        $month = (int)date('m', $t);
        $mm = &#91;1=>31, 2=>28, 3=>31, 4=>30, 5=>31, 6=>30,
        7=>31, 8=>31, 9=>30, 10=>31, 11=>30, 12=>31];
        $isleap = ($year%4)==0 && ($year%100)!=0 || ($year%400)==0;
        $mm[2] = $isleap ? 29 :28;
        // nヶ月後の日数計算
        $days = 0;
        for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++){
            $m = $month + $i;
            $m = ($m > 12) ? $m - 12 : $m;
            $days += $mm[$m];
        }
        $DAY_SEC = 60 * 60 * 24;
        return $t + ($days + $DAY_SEC);
    }

再帰を使わずに中置記法

<?php
    $str = "(1 + 2) * 3";
    $res = calc_str2($str);
    echo $res."\n";

    function calc_str2($str){
        $stack = &#91;&#93;;
        $polish = &#91;&#93;;
        while ($str != ""){
            $t = get($str);
            if ($t == '(') {
                $stack&#91;&#93; = $t;
                continue;
            }
            if ($t == ')') {
                while (count($stack) > 0){
                    $s_top = array_pop($stack);
                    if ($s_top == '(') break;
                    $polish[] = $s_top;
                }
                continue;
            }
            while (count($stack) > 0){
                $s_top = $stack[count($stack)-1];
                if(priority($t) > priority($s_top)) break;
                $polish[] = array_pop($stack);
            }
            $stack[] = $t;
        }
        
        while(count($stack) > 0) $polish[] = array_pop($stack);
        echo "[".implode(" ", $polish)."]\n";
        
        foreach ($polish as $t){
            if (preg_match('#^\d+$#', $t)){
                $tack[] = intval($t); continue;
            }
            $b = array_pop($stack);
            $a = array_pop($stack);
            switch ($t){
                case '+': $c = $a + $b; break;
                case '-': $c = $a - $b; break;
                case '*': $c = $a * $b; break;
                case '/': $c = $a / $b; break;
                default: throw new Exception("未知の文字:$t");
            }
            $stack[] = $c;
        }
        return array_pop($stack);
    }

    function priority($c){
        $pri = ['num'=>3, '*'=>2, '/'=>2, '+'=>1, '-'=>1, '('=>0];
        return isset($pri[$c]) ? $pri[$c] : $pri['num'];
    }

    function get(&$str){
        $str = trim($str);
        $c = substr($str, 0, 1);
        if (strpos("()+-*/", $c) !== false){
            $str = substr($str, 1);
            return $c;
        }
        if (preg_match('#^(\d+)#', $str, $m)){
            $str = substr($str, strlen($m[1]));
            return $m[1];
        }
        throw new Exception("未知の文字: $c");
    }