Arithmetic

Python 2.7.12 (v2.7.12:d33e0cf91556, Jun 27 2016, 15:19:22) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
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>>> print(3+1)
4
>>> 3 + 1
4
>>> print(1 + 2 + 3 * 3)
12
>>> print((1 + 2 + 3) * 3)
18
>>> print(3**2)
9
>>> print(9 % 2)
1
>>> print(15 // 4)
3
>>> print(16 // 4)
4
>>> print(-5 // 4)
-2
>>> print((23 + 32 + 64)/ 3)
39

integer and floats

>>> print(3/4)
0
>>> print(16/4)
4
>>> 3 + 2.5
5.5
>>> 213.13
213.13
>>> 341.
341.0
>>> int(49.7)
49
>>> int(16/4)
4
>>> float(3520+3239)
6759.0
>>> print(0.1)
0.1
>>> print(0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1)
0.3

float e.g.
Length of a fish you caught, in metres
Length of time it took to catch the first fish, in hours

4.445e8 is equal to 4.445 * 10 ** 8 which is equal to 444500000.0.

# The current volume of a water reservoir (in cubic metres)
reservoir_volume = 4.445e8
# The amount of rainfall from a storm (in cubic metres)
rainfall = 5e6

# decrease the rainfall variable by 10% to account for runoff
rainfall *= 0.9
# add the rainfall variable to the reservoir_volume variable
reservoir_volume += rainfall
# increase reservoir_volume by 5% to account for stormwater that flows
reservoir_volume *= 1.05 
# into the reservoir in the days following the storm

# decrease reservoir_volume by 5% to account for evaporation
reservoir_volume *= 0.95
# subtract 2.5e5 cubic metres from reservoir_volume to account for water
# that's piped to arid regions.
reservoir_volume -= 2.5e5
# print the new value of the reservoir_volume variable
print(reservoir_volume)