The total charge in the universe never changes.
Closed System -> No charge being added to or removed from the system.
Friction
Conduction
Induction
Infinite source and sink of electrons
Grounding
Electric Potential Energy
When r is small, Ue is highest.
Ue = K q1q2/r
K = 9*10^9
E = 1000 N/C
d = 1cm
Mp = 1.673 * 10 ^ -27
g = 1.602 * 10 ^ -19C
F = Eg
na = Eg
a = Eg/m
ΔKE = Egx
W = Fx = Egx