書式フラグの設定

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    cout  << 123.23 << " hello " << 100 << '\n';
    cout << 10 << ' ' << -10 << '\n';
    cout << 100.0 << "\n\n";
    
    cout.unsetf(ios::dec);
    cout.setf(ios::hex | ios::scientific);
    cout << 123.23 << " hello " << 100 << '\n';
    
    cout.setf(ios::dec);
    cout.setf(ios::hex | ios::scientific);
    cout << 123.23 << " hello " << 100 << '\n';
    
    cout.setf(ios::showpos);
    cout << 10 << ' ' << -10 << '\n';
    cout. setf(ios::showpoint | ios::fixed);
    cout << 100.0;
    
    return 0;
}

仮想基本クラス

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class base{
public:
    int i;
};

class derived1 : virtual public base {
public:
    int j;
};

class derived2 : virtual public base{
public:
    int k;
};

class derived3 : public derived1, public derived2{
public:
    int product() { return i * j * k; }
};

int main()
{
    derived3 ob;
    
    ob.i = 10;
    ob.j = 3;
    ob.k = 5;
    
    cout << "multiply is " << ob.product() << '\n';
    
    return 0;
}

派生クラスが複数の基本クラスを直接継承

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class B1 {
public:
    B1() { cout << "B1 constructor call \n"; }
    ~B1() { cout << "B1 destructor call \n"; }
};

class B2 {
    int b;
public:
    B2() { cout << "B2 contructor call \n"; }
    ~B2() { cout << "B2 destructor call \n"; }
};


class D : public B1, public B2{
public:
    D() { cout << "call D constructor\n"; }
    ~D() { cout << "call D destructor\n"; }
};

int main()
{
    D ob;
    
    return 0;
}

多重継承

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class B1 {
    int a;
public:
    B1(int x){ a = x; }
    int geta() { return a; }
};

class D1 : public B1 {
    int b;
public:
    D1(int x, int y): B1(y)
    {
        b = x;
    }
    int getb(){ return b; }
};

class D2 : public D1 {
    int c;
public:
    D2(int x, int y, int z): D1(y, z)
    {
        c = x;
    }
    void show() {
        cout << geta() << ' ' << getb() << ' ';
        cout << c << '\n';
    }
};

int main()
{
    D2 ob(1, 2, 3);
    ob.show();
    
    cout << ob.geta() << ' ' << ob.getb() << '\n';
    return 0;
}

派生クラスと基本クラス

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class base {
    int i;
public:
    base(int n){
        cout << "call base class constructor\n";
        i = n;
    }
    ~base() { cout << "call base class destructor\n"; }
    void showi() { cout << i << '\n'; }
};

class derived : public base {
    int j;
public:
    derived(int n, int m): base(m){
        cout << "call derived class constructor \n";
        j = n;
    }
    ~derived() { cout << "call derived class destructor\n"; }
    void showj() {cout << j << '\n'; }
};

int main()
{
    derived o(10, 20);
    
    o.showi();
    o.showj();
    
    return 0;
}

コンストラクタ、デストラクタ、継承

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class base {
public:
    base() { cout << "call base class constructor\n"; }
    ~base() { cout << "base class destructor\n"; }
};

class derived : public base {
public:
    derived() { cout << "call derived class constructor\n"; }
    ~derived() { cout << "call derived class destructor\n";}
};

int main()
{
    derived o;
    return 0;
}

被保護メンバがpublicとして継承

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class base {
protected:
    int a, b;
public:
    void setab(int n, int m){ a = n; b = m; }
};

class derived : public base {
    int c;
public:
    void setc(int n) { c = n; }
    void showabc(){
        cout << a << ' ' << b << ' ' << c << '\n';
    }
};

int main()
{
    derived ob;
    
    ob.setab(1, 2);
    
    ob.setc(3);
    ob.showabc();
    return 0;
}

被保護メンバの使用

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class samp {
    int a;
protected:
    int b;
public:
    int c;
    samp(int n, int m){ a = n; b = m; }
    int geta() { return a; }
    int getb() { return b; }
};

int main()
{
    samp ob(10, 20);
    
    ob.c = 30;
    
    cout << ob.geta() << ' ';
    cout << ob.getb() << ' ' << ob.c << '\n';
    
    return 0;
}

基本クラスのアクセス制御

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class base {
    int x;
public:
    void setx(int n){ x = n; }
    void showx() { cout << x << '\n'; }
};

class derived : public base {
    int y;
public:
    void sety(int n){ y = n; }
    void showy() { cout << y << '\n'; }
};

int main()
{
    derived ob;
    
    ob.setx(10);
    ob.sety(20);
    ob.showx();
    ob.showy();
    
    return 0;
}

+演算子のオーバーロード

#include < iostream >
using namespace std;

class coord {
    int x, y;
public:
    coord() { x=0; y=0; }
    coord(int i, int j){ x=i; y=j; }
    void get_xy(int &i, int &j){ i=x; j=y; }
    coord operator+(coord ob2);
    coord operator+(int i);
};

coord coord::operator+(coord ob2)
{
    coord temp;
    
    temp.x = x + ob2.x;
    temp.y = y + ob2.y;
    
    return temp;
}

coord coord::operator+(int i)
{
    coord temp;
    
    temp.x = x + i;
    temp.y = y + i;
    
    return temp;
}

int main()
{
    coord o1(10, 10), o2(5, 3), o3;
    int x, y;
    
    o3 = o1 + o2;
    o3.get_xy(x, y);
    cout << "(o1+o2) x: " << x << ", Y: " << y << "\n";
    
    o3 = o1 + 100;
    o3.get_xy(x, y);
    cout << "(o1+100) x: " << x << ", Y: " << y << "\n";
    
    return 0;
}