AjaxでPOST

test.php

<style>
.box{
    width:200px;
    height: 200px;
    background-color:#ddd;
}
</style>
<body>
    <div class="box"></div>
    <button id="ajax-button">送信</button>
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
</body>
<script>
$(function(){
    $('#ajax-button').click(
        function(){
            var postData = {"HOST": location.host,"HOST_NAME":location.hostname};
            $.post(
                "test1.php",
                postData,
                function(data){
                    $(".box").html(data);
                }
            );

        });
});
</script>

test1.php

$Host = $_POST['HOST'];
$HostName = $_POST['HOST_NAME'];
$result = 'HOST' . $Host . '<br>HostName'.$HostName;
echo $result;

hoverした時だけ送信される、と書くこともできる

$(function(){
    $(".box").hover(function(){
            var postData = {"HOST": location.host,"HOST_NAME":location.hostname};
            $.post(
                "test1.php",
                postData,
                function(data){
                    $(".box").html(data);
                }
            );

        }, function(){
            $(".box").html("");
        });
});

$(document).ready(function(){ なら、読み終わった後に処理。