Month: October 2018

by default, the following ports are forwarded to your Homestead environment:

SSH: 2222 → Forwards To 22
ngrok UI: 4040 → Forwards To 4040
HTTP: 8000 → Forwards To 80
HTTPS: 44300 → Forwards To 443
MySQL: 33060 → Forwards To 3306
PostgreSQL: 54320 → Forwards To 5432
MongoDB: 27017 → Forwards To 27017
Mailhog: 8025 → Forwards To 8025
Minio: 9600 → Forwards To 9600

22, 80, 443は基本。3306, 5432, 27017とか、DBであるんだな。

Forwarding Additional Ports
If you wish, you may forward additional ports to the Vagrant box, as well as specify their protocol:

ports:
– send: 50000
to: 5000
– send: 7777
to: 777
protocol: udp

Sharing Your Environment
Sometimes you may wish to share what you’re currently working on with coworkers or a client. Vagrant has a built-in way to support this via vagrant share; however, this will not work if you have multiple sites configured in your Homestead.yaml file.

To solve this problem, Homestead includes its own share command. To get started, SSH into your Homestead machine via vagrant ssh and run share homestead.test. This will share the homestead.test site from your Homestead.yaml configuration file. Of course, you may substitute any of your other configured sites for homestead.test:

share homestead.test
After running the command, you will see an Ngrok screen appear which contains the activity log and the publicly accessible URLs for the shared site. If you would like to specify a custom region, subdomain, or other Ngrok runtime option, you may add them to your share command:

share homestead.test -region=eu -subdomain=laravel
Note: Remember, Vagrant is inherently insecure and you are exposing your virtual machine to the Internet when running the share command.

Multiple PHP Versions
Homestead 6 introduced support for multiple versions of PHP on the same virtual machine. You may specify which version of PHP to use for a given site within your Homestead.yaml file. The available PHP versions are: “5.6”, “7.0”, “7.1”, “7.2” and “7.3” (the default):
laravelは確か7.1以上だったが、5.6とかもOKなんだ。

In addition, you may use any of the supported PHP versions via the CLI:

php5.6 artisan list
php7.0 artisan list
php7.1 artisan list
php7.2 artisan list
php7.3 artisan list

Web Servers
Homestead uses the Nginx web server by default. However, it can install Apache if apache is specified as a site type. While both web servers can be installed at the same time, they cannot both be running at the same time. The flip shell command is available to ease the process of switching between web servers. The flip command automatically determines which web server is running, shuts it off, and then starts the other server. To use this command, SSH into your Homestead machine and run the command in your terminal:

flip

Mail
Homestead includes the Postfix mail transfer agent, which is listening on port 1025 by default. So, you may instruct your application to use the smtp mail driver on localhost port 1025. Then, all sent mail will be handled by Postfix and caught by Mailhog. To view your sent emails, open http://localhost:8025 in your web browser.

Extending Homestead
You may extend Homestead using the after.sh script in the root of your Homestead directory. Within this file, you may add any shell commands that are necessary to properly configure and customize your virtual machine.

When customizing Homestead, Ubuntu may ask you if you would like to keep a package’s original configuration or overwrite it with a new configuration file. To avoid this, you should use the following command when installing packages to avoid overwriting any configuration previously written by Homestead:

sudo apt-get -y \
-o Dpkg::Options::=”–force-confdef” \
-o pkg::Options::=”–force-confold” \
install your-package
Updating Homestead
You can update Homestead in two simple steps. First, you should update the Vagrant box using the vagrant box update command:

vagrant box update
Next, you need to update the Homestead source code. If you cloned the repository you can git pull origin master at the location you originally cloned the repository.

If you have installed Homestead via your project’s composer.json file, you should ensure your composer.json file contains “laravel/homestead”: “^7” and update your dependencies:

composer update
Provider Specific Settings
VirtualBox
natdnshostresolver
By default, Homestead configures the natdnshostresolver setting to on. This allows Homestead to use your host operating system’s DNS settings. If you would like to override this behavior, add the following lines to your Homestead.yaml file:

provider: virtualbox
natdnshostresolver: off
Symbolic Links On Windows
If symbolic links are not working properly on your Windows machine, you may need to add the following block to your Vagrantfile:

config.vm.provider “virtualbox” do |v|
v.customize [“setextradata”, :id, “VBoxInternal2/SharedFoldersEnableSymlinksCreate/v-root”, “1”]
end

やっと終わったー、最後はやや雑だが。。

You can set global environment variables by adding them to your Homestead.yaml file:

variables:
– key: APP_ENV
value: local
– key: FOO
value: bar
After updating the Homestead.yaml, be sure to re-provision the machine by running vagrant reload –provision. This will update the PHP-FPM configuration for all of the installed PHP versions and also update the environment for the vagrant user.

Configuring Cron Schedules
Laravel provides a convenient way to schedule Cron jobs by scheduling a single schedule:run Artisan command to be run every minute. The schedule:run command will examine the job schedule defined in your App\Console\Kernel class to determine which jobs should be run.

If you would like the schedule:run command to be run for a Homestead site, you may set the schedule option to true when defining the site:
sites:
– map: homestead.test
to: /home/vagrant/code/Laravel/public
schedule: true
The Cron job for the site will be defined in the /etc/cron.d folder of the virtual machine.
cron.d って、くろんタブですな。

Configuring Mailhog
Mailhog allows you to easily catch your outgoing email and examine it without actually sending the mail to its recipients. To get started, update your .env file to use the following mail settings:

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=localhost
MAIL_PORT=1025
MAIL_USERNAME=null
MAIL_PASSWORD=null
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=null
Once Mailhog has been configured, you may access the Mailhog dashboard at http://localhost:8025
driverはsmtp

Configuring Minio
Minio is an open source object storage server with an Amazon S3 compatible API. To install Minio, update your Homestead.yaml file with the following configuration option:

minio: true
By default, Minio is available on port 9600. You may access the Minio control panel by visiting http://homestead:9600/. The default access key is homestead, while the default secret key is secretkey. When accessing Minio, you should always use region us-east-1.

In order to use Minio you will need to adjust the S3 disk configuration in your config/filesystems.php configuration file. You will need to add the use_path_style_endpoint option to the disk configuration, as well as change the url key to endpoint:
minio? 知らんぞ

's3' => [
    'driver' => 's3',
    'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
    'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
    'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION'),
    'bucket' => env('AWS_BUCKET'),
    'endpoint' => env('AWS_URL'),
    'use_path_style_endpoint' => true
]

あーs3だ。

inally, ensure your .env file has the following options:

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=homestead
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=secretkey
AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=us-east-1
AWS_URL=http://homestead:9600
To provision buckets, add a buckets directive to your Homestead configuration file:

buckets:
– name: your-bucket
policy: public
– name: your-private-bucket
policy: none
Supported policy values include: none, download, upload, and public.
ok,ok

Neo4j is a graph database management system. To install Neo4j Community Edition, update your Homestead.yaml file with the following configuration option:

neo4j: true
The default Neo4j installation will set the database username to homestead and corresponding password to secret. To access the Neo4j browser, visit http://homestead.test:7474 via your web browser. The ports 7687 (Bolt), 7474 (HTTP), and 7473 (HTTPS) are ready to serve requests from the Neo4j client.

なんだこれ、聞いたことねーぞ
サイトを見てみる。

The Neo4j Graph Platform – The #1 Platform for Connected Data

ああ、好きな人は好きだよね。これ。とりあえず進もう。
Aliases
You may add Bash aliases to your Homestead machine by modifying the aliases file within your Homestead directory:

alias c=’clear’
alias ..=’cd ..’
After you have updated the aliases file, you should re-provision the Homestead machine using the vagrant reload –provision command. This will ensure that your new aliases are available on the machine.
これでやっと半分くらい。

Daily Usage
Accessing Homestead Globally
Sometimes you may want to vagrant up your Homestead machine from anywhere on your filesystem. You can do this on Mac / Linux systems by adding a Bash function to your Bash profile. On Windows, you may accomplish this by adding a “batch” file to your PATH. These scripts will allow you to run any Vagrant command from anywhere on your system and will automatically point that command to your Homestead installation:

Mac / Linux
function homestead() {
( cd ~/Homestead && vagrant $* )
}
Make sure to tweak the ~/Homestead path in the function to the location of your actual Homestead installation. Once the function is installed, you may run commands like homestead up or homestead ssh from anywhere on your system.

Windows
Create a homestead.bat batch file anywhere on your machine with the following contents:

Make sure to tweak the example C:\Homestead path in the script to the actual location of your Homestead installation. After creating the file, add the file location to your PATH. You may then run commands like homestead up or homestead ssh from anywhere on your system.
うん、OK

Connecting Via SSH
You can SSH into your virtual machine by issuing the vagrant ssh terminal command from your Homestead directory.

But, since you will probably need to SSH into your Homestead machine frequently, consider adding the “function” described above to your host machine to quickly SSH into the Homestead box.
ssh接続のportは22でしたね。

scp
SSHを使用してリモートホストとの間でファイルを転送を行う。
ssh-keygen
公開鍵認証方式で使用するキーペアを生成する。
ssh-copy-id
公開鍵をリモートホストに登録するコマンド。環境によってはインストールされていない場合がある。

Connecting To Databases
A homestead database is configured for both MySQL and PostgreSQL out of the box. For even more convenience, Laravel’s .env file configures the framework to use this database out of the box.

To connect to your MySQL or PostgreSQL database from your host machine’s database client, you should connect to 127.0.0.1 and port 33060 (MySQL) or 54320 (PostgreSQL). The username and password for both databases is homestead / secret.

mysqlは33060のよう。
Port 33060 Details
https://www.speedguide.net/port.php?port=33060
33060 udp games Wolfenstein uses ports 33060-33070, developer: Raven Software SG
33060 tcp mysqlx MySQL Database Extended Interface (IANA official)
あ、こりゃすげーわ。

Database Backups
Homestead can automatically backup your database when your Vagrant box is destroyed. To utilize this feature, you must be using Vagrant 2.1.0 or greater. Or, if you are using an older version of Vagrant, you must install the vagrant-triggers plug-in. To enable automatic database backups, add the following line to your Homestead.yaml file:

backup: true
Once configured, Homestead will export your databases to mysql_backup and postgres_backup directories when the vagrant destroy command is executed. These directories can be found in the folder where you cloned Homestead or in the root of your project if you are using the per project installation method.

Adding Additional Sites
Once your Homestead environment is provisioned and running, you may want to add additional Nginx sites for your Laravel applications. You can run as many Laravel installations as you wish on a single Homestead environment. To add an additional site, add the site to your Homestead.yaml file:

sites:
– map: homestead.test
to: /home/vagrant/code/Laravel/public
– map: another.test
to: /home/vagrant/code/another/public
If Vagrant is not automatically managing your “hosts” file, you may need to add the new site to that file as well:

192.168.10.10 homestead.test
192.168.10.10 another.test
Once the site has been added, run the vagrant reload –provision command from your Homestead directory.

Site Types
Homestead supports several types of sites which allow you to easily run projects that are not based on Laravel. For example, we may easily add a Symfony application to Homestead using the symfony2 site type:

sites:
– map: symfony2.test
to: /home/vagrant/code/Symfony/web
type: “symfony2”
おう、なんかsymfonyやたらでてくんなー

Installing Elasticsearch
To install Elasticsearch, add the elasticsearch option to your Homestead.yaml file and specify a supported version, which may be a major version or an exact version number (major.minor.patch). The default installation will create a cluster named ‘homestead’. You should never give Elasticsearch more than half of the operating system’s memory, so make sure your Homestead machine has at least twice the Elasticsearch allocation:

Elasticsearchとは？
Elasticsearch は Elastic 社が開発しているオープンソースの全文検索エンジン。
大量のドキュメントから目的の単語を含むドキュメントを高速に抽出することができる。
RESTful インターフェースを使って操作

Elasticsearch ドキュメントを保存・検索します。
Kibana データを可視化します。
Logstash データソースからデータを取り込み・変換します。
Beats データソースからデータを取り込みます。
X-Pack セキュリティ、モニタリング、ウォッチ、レポート、グラフの機能を拡張します。

java

Instead of installing Homestead globally and sharing the same Homestead box across all of your projects, you may instead configure a Homestead instance for each project you manage. Installing Homestead per project may be beneficial if you wish to ship a Vagrantfile with your project, allowing others working on the project to vagrant up.

To install Homestead directly into your project, require it using Composer:

Once Homestead has been installed, use the make command to generate the Vagrantfile and Homestead.yaml file in your project root. The make command will automatically configure the sites and folders directives in the Homestead.yaml file.

Mac / Linux:

php vendor/bin/homestead make
Windows:

vendor\\bin\\homestead make
Next, run the vagrant up command in your terminal and access your project at http://homestead.test in your browser. Remember, you will still need to add an /etc/hosts file entry for homestead.test or the domain of your choice.
なるほど、vagrant構築手順か。

Installing MariaDB
If you prefer to use MariaDB instead of MySQL, you may add the mariadb option to your Homestead.yaml file. This option will remove MySQL and install MariaDB. MariaDB serves as a drop-in replacement for MySQL so you should still use the mysql database driver in your application’s database configuration:
MariaDBも使えるとのこと。使ったことないぞ。

box: laravel/homestead
ip: “192.168.10.10”
memory: 2048
cpus: 4
provider: virtualbox
mariadb: true

Setting Your Provider
The provider key in your Homestead.yaml file indicates which Vagrant provider should be used: virtualbox, vmware_fusion, vmware_workstation, parallels or hyperv. You may set this to the provider you prefer:

The folders property of the Homestead.yaml file lists all of the folders you wish to share with your Homestead environment. As files within these folders are changed, they will be kept in sync between your local machine and the Homestead environment. You may configure as many shared folders as necessary:
vagrantの設定です。

folders:
– map: ~/code/project1
to: /home/vagrant/code/project1

– map: ~/code/project2
to: /home/vagrant/code/project2

You may also pass any options supported by Vagrant’s Synced Folders by listing them under the options key:

folders:
– map: ~/code
to: /home/vagrant/code
type: “rsync”
options:
rsync__args: [“–verbose”, “–archive”, “–delete”, “-zz”]
rsync__exclude: [“node_modules”]
このへんもそうですね。

Configuring Nginx Sites
Not familiar with Nginx? No problem. The sites property allows you to easily map a “domain” to a folder on your Homestead environment. A sample site configuration is included in the Homestead.yaml file. Again, you may add as many sites to your Homestead environment as necessary. Homestead can serve as a convenient, virtualized environment for every Laravel project you are working on:

If you change the sites property after provisioning the Homestead box, you should re-run vagrant reload –provision to update the Nginx configuration on the virtual machine.

The Hosts File
You must add the “domains” for your Nginx sites to the hosts file on your machine. The hosts file will redirect requests for your Homestead sites into your Homestead machine. On Mac and Linux, this file is located at /etc/hosts. On Windows, it is located at C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts. The lines you add to this file will look like the following:

192.168.10.10 homestead.test

etc/hosts の中身

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

なんじゃこりゃ。

Make sure the IP address listed is the one set in your Homestead.yaml file. Once you have added the domain to your hosts file and launched the Vagrant box you will be able to access the site via your web browser:

http://homestead.test

Launching The Vagrant Box
Once you have edited the Homestead.yaml to your liking, run the vagrant up command from your Homestead directory. Vagrant will boot the virtual machine and automatically configure your shared folders and Nginx sites.

To destroy the machine, you may use the vagrant destroy –force command.
あれ、homestead.yamlでvagrant upだっけ？boxファイルでなかった！？